Jilciye silikoon-dabiiciga ah wuxuu soo bilowday 1950-yadii.Horumarkeeduna wuxuu soo maray afar marxaladood.
1. Jiilkii ugu horreeyay ee jilciye silikoon
Sannadkii 1940kii, dadku waxay bilaabeen inay isticmaalaan dimethyldichlorosilance si ay u uur qaadaandharoo helay nooc ka mid ah saamaynta biyuhu.Sannadkii 1945-kii, Elliott oo ka tirsan Shirkadda Korontada Guud ee Maraykanka (GE) ayaa fiilooyinka ku qooyay xal aqueous alkaline ah oo leh sodium methyl silanol.Kuleyl ka dib, fiberku wuxuu lahaa saameyn wanaagsan oo biyuhu ah.
Horraantii 50-meeyadii, Shirkadda American Dow Corning waxay ogaatay in dharka lagu daweeyay polysiloxane oo leh Si-H ay leeyihiin saameyn biyuhu oo wanaagsan iyo xamaasad hawo oo weyn.Laakiin dareenka gacantu wuu liitay sidoo kale filimka silikoonku wuxuu ahaa mid adag, jajaban oo sahlan in la dhaco.Kadibna waxaa la isticmaalay polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS).Ma aha oo kaliya in la helay saameyn wanaagsan oo biyuhu ah laakiin sidoo kale dareenka gacanta jilicsan.Taas ka dib, in kasta oo alaabada silikoon ee adduunka oo dhan ay si degdeg ah u horumariyeen oo ay dabooleen noocyo badan oo kala duwan, asal ahaan waxay ka tirsan yihiin isku dhafka farsamada ee dimethyl.saliid silikoon, kuwaas oo si wadajir ah loo yaqaanay alaabta saliidda silikoon.Waxay ahaayeen jiilkii ugu horreeyay ee jilicsanaanta silikoonka dharka.
Jiilkii ugu horreeyay ee jilciye silikoon si toos ah u emulsified saliid silikoon by emulsification farsamada.Laakiin sababtoo ah saliidda silikoon lafteedu kuma jiraan koox firfircoon, taas oo aan si fiican ugu xidhi karin dharka oo aan la dhaqi karin.Markaa ma gaadhi doonto saamayn fiican marka keligiis la isticmaalo.
2. Jiilka labaad ee jilicsan ee silikoon
Si looga gudbo cilladaha jiilka koowaad ee jilicsanaanta silikoonka, cilmi-baarayaashu waxay heleen jiilka labaad ee emulsion silicone oo leh koofiyadaha hydroxyl.Jilcisa ayaa inta badan ka koobnayd emulsion saliid silikoon hydroxyl iyo hydrogen silikoon emulsion saliidda, kaas oo samayn kara qaab-dhismeedka crosslinking network on dusha dharka ee joogitaanka biraha biraha, bixinta dhar jilicsan weyn, dhaqidda iyo xasiloonida.
Laakiin sababtoo ah waxay lahayd hal shaqo oo si sahlan loo nadiifiyey oo saliid sabbaynaysa, waxaa beddelay jiilkii saddexaad ee jilciye silikoon ka hor inta aan si ballaaran loo isticmaalin.
3. Jiilka saddexaad ee jilicsan ee silikoon
Jiilkii saddexaad eejilciye silikoonayaa soo saartay kuwa ugu dhaqsaha badan kuwaas oo soo baxay sanadihii ugu dambeeyay.Waxay soo bandhigaysaa qaybaha kale ama kooxaha firfircoon ee silsiladaha ugu weyn ama dhinaca ee polysiloxane, sida kooxda polyether, kooxda epoxy, kooxda hydroxyl khamriga, kooxda amino, kooxda karboxyl, kooxda ester, kooxda sulfhydryl, iwm Waxay si weyn u hagaajin kartaa jilicsanaanta iyo waxqabadka dhamaystiran dhammaan dhinacyada dharka.Sidoo kale ku tiirsanaanta kooxaha, waxay siin kartaa dhar ka samaysan qaab kala duwan.
Laakiin guud ahaan jiilka saddexaad ee jilciye silikoon waa inuu ku daraa polysiloxane monofunctional si loo gaaro saameynta daaweynta loo baahan yahay.Way adag tahay in la xakameeyo heerka isku-darka, taas oo si weyn u saamaysay wax soo saarka iyo codsiga.
4.Jiilka afraad ee jilciya silikoon
Jiilka afraad ee jilciye silikoon ayaa la sii beddelay jiilka saddexaad ee jilciye silikoon iyadoo loo eegayo saamaynta dhamaystirka loo baahan yahay ee dharka.Taasi waxay soo bandhigtay kooxo firfircoon oo badan, kuwaas oo buuxin kara dhammaan shuruudaha farsamaynta ee dharka iyada oo aan la isku dhejin.
Dharka lagu daweeyo jilci silikoon wax laga beddelay oo leh noocyo kala duwan oo kooxo firfircoon ayaa horumar weyn ku leh jilicsanaanta, dhaqidda, dabacsanaanta iyo hydrophilicity, iwm. joogo.
Waqtiga boostada: Jul-25-2022