Organic silikoni softener anachokera mu 1950s.Ndipo chitukuko chake chadutsa magawo anayi.
1.Mbadwo woyamba wa silicone softener
Mu 1940, anthu anayamba kugwiritsa ntchito dimethyldichlorosilance kuti atenge pakatinsalundipo adapeza mtundu wina woletsa madzi.Mu 1945, Elliott wa ku American General Electric Company (GE) adaviika ulusi mumchere wamchere wamchere wokhala ndi sodium methyl silanol.Pambuyo pakuwotcha, ulusiwo umakhala ndi mphamvu yoletsa madzi.
Kumayambiriro kwa zaka za m'ma 50, American Dow Corning Company inapeza kuti nsalu zogwiritsidwa ntchito ndi polysiloxane ndi Si-H zinali ndi zotsatira zabwino zamadzi komanso mpweya wabwino.Koma kumverera kwadzanja kunali kosauka komanso filimu ya silikoni inali yolimba, yowonongeka komanso yosavuta kugwa.Kenako idagwiritsidwa ntchito limodzi ndi polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS).Kumeneko osati analandira zabwino madzi kwenikweni komanso zofewa dzanja kumverera.Pambuyo pake, ngakhale zinthu za silikoni padziko lonse lapansi zidakula mwachangu ndikuphimba mitundu yosiyanasiyana, makamaka zidali za makina osakaniza a dimethyl.mafuta a silicone, omwe ankadziwika kuti mafuta a silicone.Iwo anali m'badwo woyamba wa nsalu silikoni zofewetsa.
M'badwo woyamba wa silicone softeners mwachindunji emulsified silikoni mafuta ndi makina emulsification.Koma chifukwa mafuta a silicone palokha alibe gulu logwira ntchito, lomwe silingagwirizane bwino ndi nsalu ndipo silimatsuka.Chifukwa chake sichingakwaniritse zotsatira zabwino zikagwiritsidwa ntchito yokha.
2.Mbadwo wachiwiri wa silicone softener
Pofuna kuthana ndi zofooka za m'badwo woyamba wa silicone softener, ofufuza anapeza m'badwo wachiwiri wa silicone emulsion wokhala ndi zisoti za hydroxyl.The softener makamaka inkakhala hydroxyl silikoni mafuta emulsion ndi hydrogen silikoni mafuta emulsion, amene akhoza kupanga maukonde crosslinking dongosolo pa nsalu pamwamba pa kukhalapo kwa chothandizira zitsulo, kupereka nsalu kufewa kwambiri, washability ndi bata.
Koma chifukwa inali ndi ntchito imodzi komanso mafuta osungunuka mosavuta komanso oyandama, idasinthidwa ndi m'badwo wachitatu wa zofewa za silicone zisanagwiritsidwe ntchito kwambiri.
3.Mbadwo wachitatu wa silicone softener
M'badwo wachitatu wasilicone yofewayapanga yothamanga kwambiri yomwe ikuwoneka m'zaka zaposachedwa.Imayambitsa zigawo zina kapena magulu okhudzidwa mu unyolo waukulu kapena wam'mbali wa polysiloxane, monga gulu la polyether, gulu la epoxy, gulu la mowa wa hydroxyl, gulu la amino, gulu la carboxyl, gulu la ester, gulu la sulfhydryl, ndi zina zotero. mbali zonse za nsalu.Komanso kudalira magulu, akhoza kupereka nsalu kalembedwe osiyana.
Koma kawirikawiri m'badwo wachitatu wa zofewa za silikoni umayenera kuphatikizika ndi polysiloxane monofunctional kuti ukwaniritse zofunikira zochizira.Ndikovuta kuwongolera kuchuluka kwa kuphatikizika, komwe kunakhudza kwambiri kupanga ndi kugwiritsa ntchito.
4.Mbadwo wachinayi wa silicone softener
M'badwo wachinayi wa zofewa za silikoni umasinthidwanso m'badwo wachitatu wa zofewa za silikoni molingana ndi zomwe zimafunikira kumaliza kwa nsalu.Izi zinayambitsa magulu ogwira ntchito, omwe amatha kukwaniritsa zofunikira zonse za nsalu popanda kusakaniza.
Nsalu zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi zofewa za silicone zosinthidwa ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana yamagulu okhudzidwa zimakhala ndi kusintha kwakukulu mu kufewa, kusungunuka, kusungunuka ndi hydrophilicity, ndi zina zotero. Zimakwaniritsa zosowa zamtundu uliwonse za ogwiritsa ntchito pa nsalu, zomwe zakhala njira yaikulu ya chitukuko cha silicone softener pa. kupezeka.
Nthawi yotumiza: Jul-25-2022