Cov tshuaj dyes cov tshuaj yog hais txog cov dej-soluble dyes uas muaj cov acidic pawg nyob rau hauv cov qauv dye, uas feem ntau yog dyed nyob rau hauv acidic tej yam kev mob.
Txheej txheem cej luam ntawm Acid Dyes
1.Cov keeb kwm ntawm cov kua qaub dyes
Nyob rau hauv 1868, muaj tshwm sim thaum ntxov acid dyes, raws li triaromatic methane acid dyes, uas muaj zog.dyeingmuaj peev xwm tab sis tsis ceev ceev.
Nyob rau hauv 1877, muaj synthesized thawj acid dye rau dyeing ntaub plaub, raws li liab A. Nws cov qauv yooj yim tau txiav txim.
Tom qab xyoo 1890, cov kua qaub dye nrog cov qauv anthraquinone tau tsim.Thiab nws muaj ntau thiab ntau ua tiav chromatography.
Txog tam sim no, muaj ze li ntau pua ntau yam ntawm cov kua qaub dyes, uas tau siv dav hauv dyeing wool, silk thiab nylon, thiab lwm yam.
2.Cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov kua qaub dyes
Cov pab pawg acidic hauv cov kua qaub dyes feem ntau yog raws li sulfonic acid pawg (-SO3H) thiab muaj nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm sodium sulfonic acid ntsev (-SO3NA) ntawm dye molecule.Thiab kuj qee qhov yog raws li sodium carboxylate (-COONa).
Acid dyes muaj cov dej zoo solubility, ci xim ntxoov ntxoo, ua tiav chromatography thiab cov qauv molecular yooj yim dua li lwm cov dyes.Tsis tas li ntawd rau qhov tsis muaj kev sib txuas ntev ntev hauv cov xim molecules, qhov ncaj qha ntawm acid dyes yog tsawg.
3.Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv mechanism ntawm acid dyes
Wool — NH3+ + -O3S — Dye → Wool — NH3+·-O3S — Daj
Silk — NH3+ + -O3S — Dye → Silk — NH3+·-O3S — Daj
Nylon - NH3+ + -O3S — Dye → Nylon — NH3+·-O3S — Daj
Classifications ntawm Acid Dyes
1.Classification los ntawm cov qauv molecular ntawm dye niam txiv
■ Azo dyes (Account rau 60%. Broad spectrum)
■ Anthraquinone dyes (Tus account rau 20%. Feem ntau yog xiav thiab ntsuab series)
■ Triaromatic methane dyes (Tus account rau 10%. Ntshav thiab ntsuab series)
■ Heterocyclic dyes (Account rau 10%. liab thiab ntshav liab.)
2.Kev faib tawm los ntawm pH ntawm dyes
■ Acid dyes nyob rau hauv muaj zog acid da dej: Dyeing pH tus nqi yog 2.5 ~ 4.Lub teeb ceev ceev yog qhov zoo, tab sis kev ceev ceev ntub dej tsis zoo.Cov xim ntxoov ntxoo yog ci thiab cov cuab yeej leveling yog qhov zoo.
■ Acid dyes hauv da dej tsis muaj zog acid: Dyeing pH tus nqi yog 4 ~ 5.Tus nqi ntawm sulfonic acid pawg nyob rau hauv cov qauv molecular ntawm dye yog tsawg.Yog li cov dej solubility yog me ntsis tsis zoo.Kev ntub dej ceev ceev yog zoo dua li cov kua qaub dyes hauv cov kua qaub da dej, tab sisqibvaj tse yog me ntsis pluag.
■ Acid dyes nyob rau hauv nruab nrab acid da dej: Dyeing pH nqi yog 6 ~ 7.Tus nqi ntawm sulfonic acid pawg nyob rau hauv cov qauv molecular ntawm dye yog qis dua.Lub solubility ntawm dyes yog tsawg thiab cov cuab yeej leveling tsis zoo.Cov xim ntxoov ntxoo tsis ci txaus, tab sis qhov ntub dej ceev ceev yog siab.
Cov Xim Xim Fastness ntawm Acid Dyes
1. Lub teeb ceev ceev
Nws yog qhov tsis kam ntawm cov xim ntawm textile mus rau lub teeb ci.Feem ntau nws raug kuaj raws li ISO105 B02.
2.Xim ceev ceevmus ntxuav
Nws yog qhov tsis kam ntawm cov xim ntawm textile rau kev ntxhua khaub ncaws nyob rau hauv ntau yam kev mob, raws li ISO105 C01\C03\E01, thiab lwm yam.
3.Color ceev ceev rau txhuam
Nws yog qhov tsis kam ntawm cov xim ntawm textile rau rubbing nkaus.Nws tuaj yeem muab faib ua nrawm nrawm rau ziab kom qhuav thiab ceev ceev kom ntub dej ntub.
4.Color ceev ceev rau chlorine dej
Nws tseem hu ua colourfastness rau chlorine pas dej.Feem ntau nws yog ua raws li cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov tshuaj chlorine nyob rau hauv lub pas dej da dej los kuaj qhov tsis kam ntawm cov ntaub rau chlorine discoloration.Piv txwv li, txoj kev xeem ISO105 E03 (Cov ntsiab lus chlorine zoo yog 50ppm.) yog tsim rau nylon swimwear.
5.Color ceev ceev rau hws
Nws yog qhov tsis kam ntawm cov xim ntawm textile rau tib neeg hws.Raws li cov kua qaub thiab alkali ntawm hws, nws tuaj yeem muab faib ua xim nrawm rau acid perspiration thiab xim nrawm rau alkali hws.Cov ntaub dyed los ntawm cov kua qaub dyes feem ntau yog kuaj rau xim ceev kom alkali perspiration.
Post lub sij hawm: Aug-16-2022